Poverty In Guatemala

Unequal distribution of wealth and a rapid populationcare as facilities are focused in the metropolitan areas.
growth have given Guatemala one of the highestThen with the use of pesticides, the low availability of
poverty rates in Latin America despite the highestdrinking water and waste disposal services in rural
GDP in Central America. More than 75 percent of theareas there is a raised occurrence of health problems.
national population lives below the poverty line and thisMalnutrition of Guatemalan children is extremely high,
is even more severe among the rural and indigenousamong the worst in the world with an overall stunting
population.rate of 44 percent of all children under five. Four fifths
Guatemala's income is one of the most unequal in theof malnourished children are poor, and higher among
world with the wealthiest 10 percent owning nearly 50rural and indigenous children than urban or non -
percent of the national wealth and the poorest 10indigenous. Malnutrition mirrors the geographic and
percent owning less than 1 percent. Land also isethnic patterns of poverty, being higher among rural
concentrated to the few.children than urban (51% vs 32%).
Guatemala has a population of over 12 million, half ofThe poor are highly dependent on agriculture, some 87
which are under 18 with approximately 60 percent ofpercent, as small scale subsistence farmers or
the population between 6 and 18 living in extremeagricultural day laborers. Non Spanish speakers also
poverty. The high level of poverty and the lack offace lower incomes.
social support programs mean child labor is the onlyEducation is not a great priority for poor Guatemalans
way of survival for many families. It is thoughtas children are needed to work to contribute to the
approximately 14,500 children live on the streetsfamily income. Only 44 percent of school age children
throughout the country with 4,500 street childrenattend classes and only 55.6 percent of the total
located in and around Guatemala city.population is literate. Child labor significantly inhibits the
Guatemala ranks among the worst for life expectancyability to attend school.
(65 years at birth), infant mortality (40-45 per thousand)Although the indigenous represent 43 percent of the
and maternal mortality (270 per 100,000). About twopopulation they actually claim less than a quarter of the
thirds of children live in poverty with 68 percent undertotal income and consumption for the country. Likewise
six and 63 percent of all children under 18 living belowrural residents account for two thirds of the nation's
the poverty line. Public spending on health has notpopulation but claim only a third of the total income and
increased sufficiently and public spending is not wellconsumption. Inequality is higher however in urban
targeted to the poor.areas than the rural.
The poor do not have easy access to good health