Composer Gabriela Lena Frank Interview - Identity, Discomfort and Not So Classical Music

The first time I heard Gabriela Lena Frank's music live -it was both at the same time. One minute it was like
with Gabriela herself improvising on a piano at anone, then I would careen to the other feeling...it was
intimate gathering in Berkeley, California - I wasboth...it felt good and awful at the same time. It still feels
surprised and a little embarrassed to find tearsgood and awful at the same time. I've gotten
streaming down my face. I know next to nothing aboutcomfortable with that, you know, that it feels good and
contemporary classical music, and I often find it tooawful. Awful could be something physical, like I get sick
dissonant and challenging to truly enjoy, but thatfrom food there, physical rejection of my body, but
evening, Gabriela's music just knocked me out. Ofthen I'm feeling great because I just understood some
course, I'm not alone. The Los Angeles Times calls herPeruvian slang. Or I got a song before my cousins did -
work "luminous... bursting with fresh originality" while theI realize I'm really getting something, or I could sort of
Washington Post notes its "unself-conscious craft andidentify where something came from, in an intuitive
mastery."way, not an intellectual way. There's an academic
In 2009, she won a Guggenheim Fellowship, a Latinunderstanding of this stuff, then there's a feeling for it.
American Grammy for "Inca Dances," and wasOr it sparks a response in me and I know what I'm
featured in a PBS documentary on her collaborationgoing to do with it, and I know that I'm going to change
with the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra. Clearly,it in a way that's authentic but you could not even tell
Gabriela is an artist in the full bloom of her creativewhere it came from.
powers, and one of the major new musical voices ofThat's the next step to culture, where you're not just
her generation.She is also a wonderfully rich, realizedmaking a mirror to it, but cheaply, because you're not
human being, without a zot of the pretention ordoing the indigenous tools and indigenous musical
preciousness that could easily accompany her rareinstruments. We have a lot of these Westernized
musical gifts, as you'll see for yourself, in thistranslations of whatever, food, music, paintings, you
conversation with Gabriela over a long dinner at myknow whatever. And then there's the stuff that's the
home in Richmond, California, in July 2009.beautiful next step. That's what happens to Latin
YO: As ignorant as I am about what you've doneAmerican culture when it comes to the states, like
musically, I do have this strong sense that you are oneTex-Mex, or whatever. And it becomes it's own thing,
of those rare people who can successfully integrateand it's every bit as legitimate. There's the charlatan
your individual personal genius with your energy anddevelopment as well, but then there's the legit,so if I'm
your actions, creating a great...in that right place of where it feels good and awful,
GLF: I think a lot of it comes from discomfort, andfeels intuitive, and yet it feels like I'm grappling with it,
discomfort with accepting my training in music,and wrestling with it - that's why I compose - It's from
accepting the vision that other people had for me, ofthat I have to compose. Because the piece of music
music. I didn't disrespect my teachers necessarily. Forrepresents a challenge that I set up for myself,
a long time I thought I wasn't good enough, that I didn'tsomething I want to figure out and the answer comes
fit in in a certain way. Then, I started to start to liveat the end when I put that bar line at the end of the
with the discomfort and say this discomfort is good,piece.
this is who I am, so I'm in that feeling all the time nowAnd kind of like with the ISO experience [Indiana
and it's just a rewiring. It's not changing your feelings, it'sSymphony Orchestra.See video on YouTube]. I have
changing your intellectual appraisal of it.to answer to a lot of constituencies, where that piece
I think it's very important for teachers to do to youngof music can reflect something private that I'm
developing spirits, when they're creative or intellectual --wondering about - the musicians will never know that
to trust their instincts and to go deep with it. We allit's coming from 35 years of neurosis, wondering, you
have these ways of bucking the norm, we all have thisknow, how gringa I am and how latina I am, but they
potential. I got lucky in that whatever risk-taking spirit Iget some sort of sense of it. It could be the lyricism of
have in me - I just chucked the normal path veryit, it could be the hinting of other cultures, if it's a trio for
suddenly, very early, and almost totally. Although I loveoboe, flute and piano, making the oboe sound like an
certain composers in classical music. I'm not a totalerkencho, which is a clarinet kind of instrument from
classical music aficionado, which is a great irony. It'sArgentina, and it keeps doing something that is totally
where I could get the best training, but I had to fit it intoagainst oboe technique, and they sound really good but
a different kind of mold.they've never known that they have permission to do
My travel in Latin America wasn't like a homecoming. Itthat - their teachers have always told them not to do
was very difficult - because I'm gringa - I was bornthat, and here I am demanding, with oboe lingo, to do a
here. You know, this is my country, the United States isnon-oboe kind of thing. You're going up against a lot of
my country. Peru is a tangential country for me. It'sdifferent impulses in there. In the end, what filters
where I find a lot of answers, it's something that hasthrough to the audience is some evoked image of
always held a lot of mystery for me growing up. I hadanother culture, but it's not quite Argentinean, it's not
never visited Peru. I didn't visit Peru until I was 27 yearsquite Latin American, it's a third thing, and that's my job,
old, so 10 years ago. And it was very much tied toto try to represent cultural growth in that way with
meeting my family, you know my mom's family... shethese kinds of ingredients, an oboe, a piano, and a
comes from a family of 14 children, so there's a hugeWestern flute.
history there that I never knew.So that only comes about because I have the
And I think that a lot of the impulse to keep going withdiscomfort, and if I didn't have the discomfort, it would
the music had to do with the connection to the family,be just like laying down bricks or something in a path
because it was always Peruvian music that reallyalready determined. It would be very easy for me to
interested me. You know before I was really thinkingtake Peruvian tunes and play them straight on a piano,
about my mom's family that much as a little girl, I lovedand give it a little oompah, oompah, you know and just
Peruvian music. I had a visceral reaction just to thatdo something like that, but I'm missing all the great
sound - and for me that's the greatest argument I canthings a piano can do. The piano can maybe fatten it
make for some sort of genetic memory of culture,out, and now it sounds like it's several of those South
that somehow sifted through to this little gringa girlAmerican musical instruments, and I know several of
growing up, whose first language is English.those instruments. That's gonna come from this part of
I welded my love of Peruvian music to all this hardthe country and that's what they do in that part of the
core musical training I got [at Rice University in Houstoncountry. I come back to the piano, and it's like a
as an undergraduate, and then at the University ofdialogue between the two. It doesn't quite work, and
Michigan at Ann Arbor for a Ph.D.]. We were likethe piano fixes it. And the piano does this, but I just
athletes, what they did to us. We trained for like 8-9knock it over here, and so that's again the discomfort,
hours on an instrument every day. And then we wereof unifying all these things that don't belong together,
studying all these pieces, picking them apart. Giventhat produces that piece of music
10-20 different interpretations of a song. We just gotYO: I love this idea of the discomfort, because it
skills, but it doesn't mean anything if you don't have asounds like such a Buddhist thing - do you know this
vision, you know. And unfortunately my belief is thatwoman named Tara Brach? There's a Western
we turn out a lot of musicians that haven't developedBuddhist teacher who wrote a book called Radical
their vision skill.Acceptance>, which is the best thing that I've read in
So what if you're a good sous chef, that you can cutages. It came out of deep discomfort -- her own and
things. If you can't devise new ways to combine foodeveryone else's -- deep discomfort with our own
and spices, you can't create - you can just re-enact.selves. And she's talking about deeply accepting our
You're not going to contribute. You'll maintain a statusown selves and our own fears.
quo, so you'll keep programming the same pieces ofOn one of Tara Brach's podcasts -- she was giving a
music. You'll keep upholding a certain model ofteaching and she said that the Buddha, when he was
European culture that itself has changed a lot, and Iunder the Boddhi tree, in the process of enlightenment,
think coming from a place of discomfort has beenwas tempted by a demon called Mara. The Buddha's
very good for me and is very good when I see it indisciples were all around and Mara would come to the
young composers now, when I go into conservatoriesBuddha, in this dark night of the soul and Mara would
and universities. I see that they are struggling. I look atcome to the Buddha in all these guises, as temptation
some of their music and see that they are trying to cutand as fear - as horrifying things. Mara was the bad
out, like a surgeon, the life that's in their music - exactlyforce, and the disciples would be like ssssssssssssss
what's making it unique, just like little hints of it. I'm liketrying to shoo him off, but the Buddha would invite
this moment. That is you, and you have to start fromMara to tea. And that was the most powerful thing
here and make it bigger. And I can see this look ofthat I've personally ever read or heard about Buddhist
relief on their faces. To give them that permission -thought, because I've heard or been taught this
they just need somebody to tell them that has beenconcept in so many different ways, but this was the
doing it. I had a couple good teachers also doing thatfirst time I understood that it was something that I
and though they didn't necessarily say those words Imyself could actually do. Oh, I can invite Mara to tea -
think to them it was just obvious I was gonna do that. Iyou know, I'm scared, I'm freaked out, I'm this, I'm that,
was already taking off to Latin America.I'm uncomfortable...I can invite this feeling to tea, invite it
They didn't know how much fear I had in doing that,in...
'cause I kept that to myself, I've always kept that toGLF: I never thought of it that way, I mean, I never
myself. I don't feel any differently than I did when I wasmade the connection. I had read that also, Buddhist
five years old. I just have more confidence. When Ireadings, or heard that it would be weird if you weren't
was five I wasn't scared, but liking Peruvian music andscared. And you're gonna survive it, and the fear
taking Peruvian music and doing that for Westernmaybe won't hurt what you're trying to achieve...
piano -- no one told me you can't do that.And then IYO: And it's what is...
went through a period when I was supposed to be aGLF: It is it.
straight-laced Mozart pianist, you know, and just playYO: And you were just saying that, the discomfort
Beethoven, play it a certain way, and then when Iitself is itself a creative place...
discarded that, it felt kind of like I couldn't hack it, and IGLF: Yeah, create that sound...
couldn't have that career, so I thought oh well! I mightYO: Do you come up against writer's block?
as well go to Latin America! And then I went, andGLF: Uh, I procrastinate. The problem is that I can get a
ironically, that's what gave me more answers, gavelot done at the last minute. Which I hate, I don't
me confidence.physically feel good when I do it. I've gotten much
YO: You are saying that when you were making thebetter about it, just working consistently. That's my big
decision to go to South America, and turn away fromgoal over the next couple of years, just working to
the normal young classical music composer track ofmake that a big part of my life. I just work a certain
competitions, that there was a lot of fear and feelingnumber of hours a day, then I stop. Even if I'm inspired, I
of not being able to hack it. But even then, didn't youknow I'm gonna pick up more inspiration the next day. I
have an intuitive sense that this was the right thing --have a pretty finely honed creative apparatus up
that it wasn't that you weren't good enough?there. They don't teach you that in school, the skill of
GLF: It was both, it was a paradoxical place, becausebeing creative, ironically.